Realism

Realism: The Realism arouse in the 19th century as a reaction against the sentimental, supernatural and optimistic elements of Romanticism. It is an attempt to present an accurate imitation of life as it is. The realists set out to write a fiction which will give the illusion that it reflects life as it seems to the common reader. So they are selective in their material and prefer the average the common place, and the every day over the rare aspects of the contemporary life. Their characters are usually of the middle class or the working class people who lives through ordinary experience of childhood, adolescence, love, marriage, parenthood, fidelity and death. Thus they focus on the presentation of character instead of plot. In drama, Henrik Ibsen and Anton Chekhov are responsible for the turn to realism on stage and Maupassant, Henry Jones and Wharton are responsible for realism in fiction.

Renaissance: The term Renaissance derives its original meaning from French word meaning "rebirth" which includes the rebirth of Greek classical art, literature, painting, music, and other social norms and values. The renaissance is the rebirth of the classical knowledge and learning which was lost in the Middle Ages. Read More...

Neo-Classical Period: The Neo-Classical period, covering the 140 years or so after the Restoration (1660); arose as a reaction of the uncontrolled energy and humanism of the Renaissance. The Neo-Classical writers followed the traditions and had a great respect for correctness in life and art, so they respected order, decorum and rules. Read More...

Romanticism: The Romantism, that spread over the first three decades of the 19th century arouse as a reaction against the Neo-Classical order and control. The publication of the Lyrical Ballad in 1798 by William Wordsworth and S.T.Colleridge started this movement. Read More...

Naturalism: Naturalism grew out of realism around the turn of this century. Naturalism, as a literary movement emerged from Realism around the turn of 19th century. It shares many qualities with Realism, but it precede beyond literary principles rather it occupies a wide range of scholarship like science, nature, economy, politics which always put a direct relationship with human life. Read More...

Symbolism: Symbolism as a literary movement is thought to be having been formally introduced by French writer during the second half of the 19th century. It was emerged as a reaction against Realism, which put a belief upon the objective world. But for the symbolist the objective world was not through reality rather, a mere reflection of the absolute one. Read More...

Imagism: Imagism was firstly invented by American and English poets in 1909 as a response to symbolism. Unlike symbolist they used to believe in the presentation of concrete images which are sustained by the proper selection of word. Read More...

Modernism: Modernism has its broad history which has neither its beginning nor ending, rather it is an ongoing phenomenon. It does not directly refer to a specific time period rather it proceeds beyond all human perfection or understanding. Read More...

Deconstruction: Deconstruction is a typical movement in literature firstly innovated by German philosopher Jacques Derrida. This movement was emerged in philosophy during 1960s as a reaction against Saussurian concept on structuralism. Read More...

Impressionism: Impressionism, as a movement in literature was introduced by painters and poets of early 20th century. The painters and poets of this time period gave more importance for the impression rather than the meaning of an art. They applied certain concrete images to achieve some impression whether good or bad on the part of the readers. Read More...

Expressionism: Expressionism as a movement in literature was coined at the beginning of the 20th century. It describes art and literature which emphasizes the eternal emotion and experience of the artist. For them external object are nothing but the source of deriving multiple experience to an artist. Read More...

Surrealism: Surrealism is a typical movement in art and literature which began during First World War in France and existed up till Second World War. It was originated by French philosopher and critic who were highly influenced by Freudian philosophy and poetry of Charles Baudelaire. Read More...

Structuralism: Structuralism refers to a particular movement in literature propounded by a leading French linguist Ferdinand De Saussere in 20th century. It occupies a wide range of anthropology, linguistics, psychology, literary criticism and other cognitive and other social sciences. Read More...

Post Structuralism: Post Structuralism refers to a literary movement which was emerged as a reaction against structuralism. In a sense it is an umbrella term which includes all modern radical literary theories like feminism, racial discrimination in multiple aspects. Read More...

Post-Modernism: Post- Modernism is a branch of post structuralism which limits its study in the matter or meaning of text. As feminism limits its study in men, women relationship in the society. For post modernist no interpretation is final interpretation and any meaning veiled and truth. Read More...