John Steinbeck: Like Passos and Farrell, Steinbeck is also angry about the loss of peace and softness-taken away by war industrialization and many more events. But unlike Passos and Farrell, the theme of frustration and bitterness in his fiction is not as intense as in Farrell and Passos fiction. His writing are set in northern California were the occupations are agriculture and fishing. The world depression of 1930s made him to see people loosing their agriculture land for industrialization and misery of farmer’s life. That compelled people to migrate from one place to another, generally from Midwest to California. He deals with such migration problems in his novels. Steinbeck is not critical; to historical time only but to the cycle of nature. So he does not separate politics and nature. He left them go hand in hand and rarely separated the politics from the nature. Steinbeck deals with nature yet he is not a naturalistic writer because the feeling of despair is not so insisted in his fiction rather insist is up on will and power to change one’s destiny. Unbridled (uncontrolled) assertion of power on the past of person brings hopelessness and despair in other persons so he is always suspicious of power. John Steinbeck was very much closer to nature and his writings have reached variety of observed details, in this sense he seems more realistic. But sometimes the detail is infused with almost symbolic significance. He presents reality in poetic sense, so his stories are also like myth and fables. He also presents the relation of characters in allegorical sense, which makes him different from Passos and Farrell. He was awarded by Nobel Prize in 1962. The significant novels of Steinbeck are:
In Dubious Battle (1936), The Grapes of Wrath (1939), Sweet Thursday (1954)
Of Mice and Men (1937), The Moon is Down (1942)

Beat Poets :In the later half of the 1950s a group of poets like Allen Ginsberg, Gary Snyder, Jack Kerovac, Gregory Corso etc formed a group of young rebels called Beat poet and thus, young rebels developed the Beat Generation. The Beat Generation is a group of writers centered in San Francisco and New York City in the later half of the 1950s. The poet of this generation called themselves beat because they felt themselves to be very much beaten. Read More...

The Black Art Movement :This is a new movement which came to be institutionalized in the sixties and seventies. It was a radical separatist ethnicism proposing to disengage itself not only from the larger world of American literature but also from the western (white) tradition. Read More...

Black Drama: After the end of Second World War the Negro writer did not paid so much attention to fiction as much they motivated to poetry and Drama. Drama became the easiest form to reflect the pain and suffering. Read More...

Broadway Theaters: Broadway theaters are highly commercialized and established theatres, especially situated on Manhattam. There theatres are especially situated in Manhattam. There theatres are musical as well as they were powerful sources of entertainment on 1920s and 1930s. Read More...

Off Broadway: Off Broadway came on 1940s as a reaction against costly and commercialized Broadway theatres. This theater has stage on center and audience could watch the performance from all corners. During the 1940s, there was the heyday of this theatre; it was highly popular during that time. But till 1960s there remained no fundamental differences between Broadway and off Broadway, it became more commercialized as Broadway. Read More...

Confessional Poetry: The second generation poets born from 1920 to 1935 were under the influence of New critical mode, but they were less burdened by the legacies of the great modernists. So some poets of this generation stuck to the New critical mode, but some poets developed a new style in poetry called confessional mode. Read More...

Harlem Renaissance: Harlem Renaissance is a cultural moment of Afro- American people during 1920s. It was concentrated on New York City’s Harlem so it is called Harlem. It is also called as New Negro Renaissance, New Negro movement. It affected different fields like art, literature, politics etc. Read More...

Arthur Miller: Miller belongs to the second half of the twentieth century. Miller was leftist and being leftist he starts his dramatic career with the propaganda plays. In his propaganda plays he explicitly overthrows capitalism and advocates for the establishment of socialism. Miller is influenced by Marxism. His propaganda plays are not published until the publication of Death of a Salesman in 1949. In his later plays after propaganda plays he implicitly advocate Marxism. Read More...

Eugene O’ Neill: Eugene O’ Neill, an American dramatist, who is internationally reputed in the field of drama, also got the noble prize in 1936. He was influenced by Henric Ibsen, August Strindberg and Maurice Maeterlinck. He is remembered for realist, naturalist and expressionist drama. Moreover the credit goes to Eugene O’Neill for his realist and naturalistic play. Before O’Neill in American theater, there were melodrama which were sentimental and having the sense of excitement. Read More...

Tennesse Williams:  If Eugene O’ Neill, Susan Gospel, Thornton Wilder Clifford Odets dominated the first half of the twentieth century. Arthur Miller, Edward Albee, Lawrance Hensbery, Sam Shepard, David Moment dominated the second half of the twentieth century, but Tennessee Williams is very much important between this two ages . Tennesse Williams was brought up in the South, we can clearly see element of the southern literary tradition in his work. Read More...