Romantic
Poetry
Romantic poetry is the poetry that is
spontaneous and emotive in expression,
not restricted by rules of music and
word game and based on ordinary personal
experience and feelings. Wordsworth's
romantic poems, like the poem "I Wandered
Lonely as a Cloud", deal with subjects
of creative imagination, childhood memories,
beauty of nature, the role of nature
as guiding spirit, and about poetry
itself. The poem "I Wandered Lonely
as a Cloud" is not only a typical romantic
poem, but it also tells us how a poem
is written, in the romantic sense.
This poem is romantic in its subject
and theme, and in its expression and
word game. The subject is that of the
poet's personal experience in the nature.
The expression is emotive and imaginative.
The nature is personified. The poet
felt that the daffodils were dancing
better than the sea waves. They were
happy like the children. Now as the
poet is sitting at home, the daffodils
revisit him in his mind's eye, and he
writes the poem.
The
poem is, therefore, not only romantic
but also satisfies Wordsworth's idea
of what poetry is and how it is written.
This is typically as poem
Features to note: *
poetry based on "spontaneous overflow
of powerful emotions… recollected in
tranquility". * poems based on personal
experience, and emotional expression
of strong feelings and personal ideas.
* appreciated life in the village and
the natural way of life. * ordinary
subjects, usually about the nature,
common people, childhood and memories.
* importance of imagination. * created
imaginary worlds and also believed in
the supernatural. * use of sensuous
imagery. * different from convention
in thought and ideas. * Note that the
following features of typical romantic
poetry do not apply in the case of Marvell's
‘partly romantic’ poem "The Garden"
because it is classical, especially
in its form: * typical romantic poems
supported revolutionary ideals. * did
not regard the restrictions/ limitations
of rules of rhythm, wording or structure
* used ordinary language. * some, like
Blake, were visionary men (inspired
by personal and spiritual visions).
Allegory:
Allegory is a parallel story. If a single
word or expression has an abstract and
general meaning, it is called a symbol;
but if the whole ‘story’ of a drama,
story or poem has a symbolic meaning
throughout, it is called an allegory.
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Alliteration:
Alliteration is the repetition of consonant
sounds. The repeated consonants normally
occur at the beginning of words or in
stressed syllables.
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Allusion:
An allusion in a literary text is a
reference to a personal place or event
or to another literary work or passage.
It does not have clear identification,
that is, it does not tell directly what
it stands for.
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Animation:
Animation is giving life to non-living
objects. If a poet treats a lifeless
concrete thing as having life, awareness,
will-power, thought, emotion, etc, that
is called animation. Read
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Classical
Poetry:The
classical or neo-classical poets of
the eighteenth century had had made
poetry more social than personal, more
intellectual than emotional and imaginative,
more rule-based than spontaneous.
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Conceit:
The conceit is a striking metaphor.
It is so original and unconventional
that it not only strikes the reader
into attention, but sometimes shocks
them, being even objectionable or absurd
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Elegy:
The elegy was originally the form of
poetry on the subject of sadness, especially
‘complaints about love’.
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Epic:
One the oldest of the poetic forms,
the epic is a long narrative poem, majestic
both in theme and style, dealing with
legendary or historical events of national
or universal significance, involving
action of broad sweep and grandeur.
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Epic
Simile:
The epic simile is a figurative
device first popularized by Homer in
his epics. It is a comparison that may
be as long as a dozen lines.
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Heroic
couplet:
Heroic couplet is a pair of lines with
iambic pentameter; the lines must also
rhyme together.
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Iambic
pentameter:
Iambic pentameter means ‘five iambic
feet in a line’. ‘Iambic’ means a unit
of rhythm with two syllables where the
first is not stressed (U) and the second
is stressed (S).
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Image:
An image is considered to be a picture
created in the mind by words. Generally
images are divided as visual images
and abstract images.
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Imagery:
Imagery is the general term for the
use of ‘images’ in poetry. The use of
all kinds of concrete, metaphoric and
more abstract is called imagery.
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Irony:
Irony is an indirect way of criticizing
things, and it can be done in several
ways. The word ‘Irony’ comes from its
Greek root ‘Eiron’, a dramatic character
who spoke in ‘understatement’, pretending
to be less intelligent.
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Lyric:
A
lyric is a fairly short poem which is
the expression of strong feelings (thoughts,
or perceptions) of a single speaker
in a meditative manner.
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